Hi
A Cause and Effect that Brought on Chaos!
Before commencing with my post I thank Sir Tainley for opening the door with his post Historical records: Fact and Fiction. His was on Viking history, where mine is for a more bloody historical albeit religious account of past Christian Evildoers. Also, I say to Diana that I do not hate Catholics or Protestants or any religionist, as I have aforesaid, Catholicism has four times more history than Protestantism. So it goes without saying that I or any other researcher in the field of Early Christianity will find more history in the oldest or more ancient of the two religious faiths mentioned above. Amen! (Old English, from Late Latin amen, from Ecclesiastical Greek amen, from Hebrew amen “truth,” used adverbially as an expression of agreement (as in Deuteronomy xxvii.26, I Kings i.36), from Semitic root a-m-n “to be trustworthy, confirm, support.”) https://www.etymonline.com/word/amen
§
Since man first started to communicate with symbols and the written word after he had mastered the alphabet of his vocabulary. Man has signed treaties on clay, papyrus, parchment and paper for trade and peace. Even today after millennia, the written word is still used and the signed word as a token of his/her nation or people’s wishes for a pact of friendship and commerce. All this was done in good faith for the betterment of humanity. It is a significant undertaking by all modern nations of the world and for cross border agreement of all sorts in the act of friendship between two peoples.
However, not all treaties/papers written were in the spirit of peace, harmony and honesty. As history has shown that documents had been doctored or forged and that some institutions throughout history did not play fair as some were done for gain and to deceive whole nations and make them slaves to unscrupulous men.
All around the world today, there are conflicts most are caused by religious sectarianism of one sort or another, such as the Middle East and Ireland are two areas of antagonism between people of faith. The principal cause and effect of this fanaticism can be proved through history, going back 924 years (1st crusade) and 864 years (invasion of Ireland) respectively for each of the hostilities in question. However, what is more, the cause of all this turmoil can be put squarely on the actions of two individuals. Time has passed to name and shame, but name and shame I shall, therefore, endeavour to prove their guilt beyond doubt and greed as one of their motives.
Wallowing in their self-righteousness the only thing that mattered was a share in the spoils and the glory by every which way they could. No different to the Butterfly effect in chaos theory of today; however, their actions have lasted almost a thousand years.
I name: Pope Urban II (1088-99) he urged and sanctioned the first Holy Crusade in 1095 and invoking Plenary Indulgence for each participant in the crusade.
(Urban II’s letter and instructions to the Crusaders, in December 1095 regarding his speech at the Council of Clermont says nothing about the Byzantine emperor Alexios I Komnenos (1081-1118) letter to him dated 1094, pleading for assistance against the Seljuq Turks taking Asia Minor from the Byzantines. His speech to the councils is all about the blasphemous Muslims destroying the Holy City of Christ, also saying that the crusaders must take orders from Adhemar, Bishop of Puy, the leader of this expedition in place of Urban II. Clement III antipope (1080-84 and 1088-1100) who ruled Rome at the time was causing Urban II no end of problems, and his popularity was low, a Holy Crusade would boost his recognition.) Countless death he hoped would boost his standing and his papacy!
What does Plenary Indulgence mean? A plenary indulgence removes all sins. In the case of the crusaders, it made them sinless in all crimes committed in the Crusades. On the Question of Indulgence? “An indulgence is a remission before God of the temporal punishment due to sins whose guilt has already been forgiven, which the faithful Christian who is duly disposed gains under certain prescribed conditions through the action of the Church which, as the minister of redemption, dispenses and applies with authority the treasury of the satisfactions of Christ and the saints.” 81
“An indulgence is partial or plenary according as it removes either part or all of the temporal punishment due to sin.” 82 Indulgences may be applied to the living or the dead. http://www.vatican.va/archive/ENG0015/__P4G.HTM
Most indulgences were for sale, and it was the likes of Pope Leo X (1513-21) who was selling indulgences that started the rift between himself and Martin Luther (1483-1546). Who vigorously objected to the corrupt practice of selling indulgences, when he nailed his 95 theses on the Wittenberg castle church door in 1517.
Pope Urban II’s actions (and the popes that came after him, had blood on their hands) created the most Bloody Conflicts with multiple deaths both in Europe and in Palestine as well uncalculable Muslim lives. By 1291, it was all over for the Christian Crusades, they had been defeated by their so-called enemy Islam, who was not going to forget the pure savagery of the Christians and they would take the war to them, with the fall of Constantinople in 1453. The Muslim hatred for Christianity was now a real threat.
I name: Pope Hadrian/Adrian IV (1154-59) He was the first and only Englisce Pope. High on his priorities was filling the papal coffers and converting more nations to Catholicism. Hadrian IV was strong-willed and clear-sighted, determined to assert the full monarchical claims of the papacy. Which he did by gifting Ireland to King Henry (II) Curtmantle (1154-89), the first Plantagenet king of Ængla lande (England). Hadria IV’s Bull, Laudabiliter empowering Henry II to conquer Ireland in 1155.
One can ask what right Hadrian IV had for giving Ireland away to Engla lande? No, right whatsoever! Hadrian’s claim was based on the forged Donation of Constantine giving ownership to Pope Silvester (314-35) of all the territories of the Western Roman Empire for curing Constantine (I) Great (306-37) of Leprosy. A disease that Constantine never had! However, Ireland was never conquered by the Romans, nor was it a Roman province, it had absolutely nothing to do Rome. Nor did the Irish want to be part of the Englisce empire or the Church of Rome.
Henry II had problems at home that he had to settle before the Ireland issue. It was not until 1171 that he started his invasion of Ireland. Pope Alexander III (1159-81) 1172 Bull confirmed Hadrian IV Bull to Henry II in 1155. See appendix Privilege of Pope Alexander III to Henry II, confirming the Bull of Adrian, 1172. https://www.libraryireland.com/HullHistory/Appendix1a.php
Nonetheless, the real reasons and the truth is evident as three main reasons will emerge, covet, greed and counterfeit/forgery on behalf of the Roman Church. Were the real reason of why a pope gave Ireland away! One can see covet and greed in Pope Adrian’s Bull Laudabiliter granting Henry II the right to invade Ireland. However, Hadrian’s granting was on the provision of (covet) converting all of Ireland’s Celtic Church followers to Catholicism, and for the annual (greed) “Peter’s Pence” type tax on every Irish household and the third was the use of a forgery.
On Papal Bull “Laudabiliter” by Pope Adrian, who wrote:
“We, therefore, regarding your pious and laudable design with due favour, and graciously assenting to your petition, do hereby declare our will and pleasure, that, for the purpose of enlarging the borders of the Church,* setting bounds to the progress of wickedness, reforming evil manners, planting virtue, and increasing the Christian religion, you do enter and take possession of that island, and execute therein whatsoever shall be for God’s honour and the welfare of the same. And, further, we do also strictly charge and require that the people of that land shall accept you with all honour, and dutifully obey you, as their liege lord, saving only the rights of the churches, which we will have inviolably preserved; and reserving to St Peter and the Holy Roman Church the yearly pension of one penny from each house. If, therefore, you bring your purpose to good effect, let it be your study to improve the habits of that people, and take such orders by yourself, or by others whom you shall think fitting, for their lives, manners and conversation, that the Church there may be adorned by them, the Christian faith be planted and increased, and all that concerns the honour of God and the salvation of souls be ordered by you in like manner; so that you may receive at God’s hands the blessed reward of everlasting life, and may obtain on earth a glorious name in ages to come.” [Eleanor Hull (1931), A history of Ireland and Her People, Vol I, Appendix I, Published by The Phoenix Publishing Company] or http://www.libraryireland.com/HullHistory/Appendix1a.php
* At the time, the Irish we Christians and were faithful followers of the Celtic Church, which was a far older religion than that of Rome.
I rest my case by quoting Henderson, pages 2 and 10, who quoted on the misuse of a forgery for gain by both Urban II and Hadrian IV, wrote:
“It is interesting to note that the claim of Adrian IV., here advanced, to jurisdiction over all islands was founded, as we learn from John of Salisbury, on the forged donation of Constantine (v. Book iii. No. iii.). Urban II. had disposed of Corsica under the same pretension. Lord Lyttleton in his still valuable History of Henry II. (vol. v. p. 67) speaks as follows concerning this whole transaction: “Upon the whole, therefore, this bull, like many before and many since, was the mere effect of a league between the papal and regal powers, to abet and assist each other’s usurpations; nor is it easy to say whether more disturbance to the world, and more iniquity, have arisen from their acting conjointly, or from the opposition which the former has made to the latter! In this instance the best, or indeed the sole excuse for the proceedings of either, was the savage state of the Irish, to whom it might be beneficial to be conquered, and broken thereby to the salutary discipline of civil order and good laws.” source: Yale Law School Avalon Project quoting: Henderson, Ernest F. Select Historical Documents of the Middle Ages London: George Bell and Sons, 1896.
What do you say?
Cofion
Jero Jones
Article URL : https://breakingnewsandreligion.online/discuss/