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Which Way Did Jesus Meet His End—Was he Hung on a Tree or was He Impaled
on the Instrument of Death?
My last post The Wood and The Relics of the Cross of Crucifixion brought a lot of questions from several commentators of the way and type of crucifixion that Jesus supposedly executed. There were dozens of method of crucifying, but, one was not the way Christians believe that he died on a Christian Cross. As I explained in my last post—wood was scarce in Israel at the time stated. Not forgetting that the Christian did not adopt the cross and crucifix until the mid-6th-century CE.[Herbert Thurston, Catholic Encyclopedia (1913), Cross and Crucifix, (under the heading) Later Development of the Crucifix]
Crucifixion, The Stigma and The Curse of God to Anyone Hung on a Tree!
The Temple Scroll 11QTª 64:6-13/Deuteronomy 21:22-23 to Jewish Law.
“Christ redeemed us from the curse of the law by becoming a curse for us, for it is written: cursed is everyone who is hung on a pole.” Galatians 3:13 NIV
One only needs to read the classics on crucifixions to see that where a plethora of ways and forms that crucified victims died. The two most used forms of crucifixion were impaling and hanging. With impaling, being the more gruesome for both men and women, which the medieval church took delight in using, especially to women. The Greeks gospels and Jewish tradition tell us, Jesus hung on a Stauros. Which can be a stake for hanging or a pale for impaling, so the question is, how did Jesus meet his end?
We have all been programmed by religion through its propaganda. Which has permeated into religious and secondary education that Jesus crucifixion took place on what we perceive to be the Christian Cross?
It is only since the 1930s that non-native tree species have been grown in Israel. You can find tall eucalyptus tree one of a few that could produce a Christian Cross.
However, it is native to Australia. The native trees of Israel of which the Giant Acacia tree is one. A carpenter would find it hard going to get a 5 ft board.
https://www.israel21c.org/the-top-10-most-amazing-trees-in-israel/
Stauros upright Pale or stake—anastaurizo I impale
(Ancient Greek: ἀνασταυρίζω, romanized: anastaurízō, literally ‘I impale’).
According to every Greek biblical manuscript, Jesus was crucified on a Stauros and not a Cross.
One also has to remember that the earliest Christian biblical text was Greek, which was the written language of most early biblical manuscripts. The Greek word Stauros used for the implement of death in the crucifying of Jesus. Stauros, meaning an upright stake or pale and has been interpreted as a tree, wood, etc., as Acts 5:30, Acts 10:39, Acts 13:29, 1 Peter 2:24, Galatians 3:13 and Talmud Sanhedrin 43a. All of which correspond to the Jewish Law.
The extract below with its scholarly citation is from the Theological Studies Vol.70, No 1 (2014). Which is headed Crucifixion at Qumran, which is about the Temple Scroll rediscovered in 1956 in cave 11 at Qumran? Which confirms Deuteronomy 21:22-23 as the Jewish Law. Sorry beforehand if the quote is heavy read for some!
Scholarly Quotation Citing Mainly Impalement and Hanging as
The Form of Crucifixion!
This viewpoint can be accepted, as there are ample references to crucifixion under the Persians in Herodotes [sic], inter alia [among other things] the reference to Darius, who crucified 3000 inhabitants of Babylonia (see Hengel 1977:22; Herodotes 1.128; 3.125, 3; 3.132, 2; 3.159,1). These incidents were later confirmed by Ctesias (see Hengel 1977; FGH 688 F 14.39; F14.45; F16.66). Yet crucifixion was, according to sources of antiquity, originally an execution carried out by barbarians (see Hengel 1977 with regard to Justus Lipsius) such as Indians, Assyrians, Scythians and Taurians. According to Posidonius, it was even used by Celts (Hengel 1977:22) to sacrifice criminals to their gods. Later on it was also practised by the Numidians and Carthaginians, and there is a strong possibility that the Romans adopted it from them. Originally it was not a Greek form of punishment, but they also made use of it. Crucifixion was mainly a political and military form of punishment. The Persians and Carthaginians used it to execute rebellious officers, whilst the Romans used it to execute the lower-class.
Crucifixion is the most barbaric form of execution. It is considered as cruel, banal and the ultimate form of embarrassment. Ford (1997:61) says that its purpose was to inflict the maximum physical pain and utmost extremity of shame; sometimes it was used as a sacrifice for gods or goddesses; or to prevent the victim’s ghost from bothering people, as the body was devoured by vultures and other wild animals and vital organs, such as the heart, liver or intestines, were impaled.
Writers from antiquity do not distinguish between someone being crucified alive or being hanged after he or she was dead as a display. In both cases it was considered the worst form of embarrassment (see also Van Aarde 2001:168).
There were no fixed rules for carrying out a crucifixion (see Van der Watt & Joubert 1996). This is confirmed by Seneca’s (Dialogi 6) testimony: ‘Video istic cruces, non unius quidem generis, sed aliter ab aliis fabricates: capite quidam conuersos in terram suspendere, alii per obscena stipitem egerunt, alii brachia patibulo explicuerunt’ (see Hengel 1977:25).
[Englisce translation of Seneca’s dialogue 6: I see crosses there, not just one kind but made in different ways: some victims (hanging) with their heads down, some impaled through their genitals, others had their arms stretched out onto the gallows.]
https://hts.org.za/index.php/hts/article/view/2775/5264 The [ ]bkt is mine
The citation for Herodotus 1:128 as above reads: Thus the Median army was foully scattered. Astyages, hearing this, sent a threatening message to Cyrus, “that even so he should not go unpunished”; and with that, he took the Magians [plural for Magi/Magician] who interpreted dreams and had persuaded him to let Cyrus go free, and impaled them; then he armed the Medes who were left in the city, the youths and old men. Leading those out, and encountering the Persians, he was worsted: Astyages himself was taken prisoner and lost the Median army which he led.
https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Herodotus/1B*.html The [ ] Bkt and highlights are mine.
More evidence on crucifixion meaning impalement?
Damnatio in Crucem (‘sentencing to crucifixion’)
Latin crux or damnatio in crucem (‘sentencing to crucifixion’), Greek during the Hellenistic period ἀνασταύρωσις/anastaúrōsis (which, however, in Hdt.* 3,125 and probably also in Xenophon [10] of Ephesos 4,2 means ‘impaling’)…http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1574-9347_bnp_e12223450
*Hdt. = Herodotus
What do you say?
Cofion
Jero Jones
Article URL : https://breakingnewsandreligion.online/discuss/